Computer hardware is the physical components that make up a computer. It can be touched or seen. Computer hardware can be divided into two main categories: internal and external hardware. Let’s find out in detail:
Internal hardware
These are the main components inside a computer:
- Motherboard:
The main panel of the computer. All components (CPU, RAM, Storage) are mounted on it. - Processor (CPU – Central Processing Unit):
The brain of the computer. It performs all calculations and operations. Eg: Intel, AMD. - Memory (RAM – Random Access Memory):
Used to store temporary data. It helps in speeding up. - Hard Drive/Storage (HDD/SSD):
A device used to store data permanently. HDD: More common, but slower. SSD: Fast data access, low power consumption. - Power Supply (SMPS – Power Supply):
A device that supplies power to all units. - GPU (Graphics Processing Unit):
Used to process graphics or video data. It is called “Graphics Card”.
Exposed hardware
These are the components that appear and are used on the outside of a computer:
- Monitor:
Displays data in visual form. - Keyboard:
A tool used to add data. - Mouse:
A device that moves the cursor. - Printer:
Digital data is used to print on paper. - Speaker and Headphone:
Devices used to emit sound. - USB Drive/External Storage Devices:
Tools used to collect and supplement data.
The next technology in computer hardware
IoT (Internet of Things): More compact hardware devices.
Quantum Computing Hardware: Processors that follow the new technology.
Artificial Intelligence Chips: Chips specially designed for AI functions.
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